State-of-the-Art Review and Future Perspectives on Maneuvering Modeling for Automatic Ship Berthing

Automatic berthing is at the top level of ship autonomy; it unwise and hasty to hand over control initiative controller algorithm without foundation maneuvering model. The maneuver model predicts responses steerage external disturbances, provides a for algorithm. modular MMG widely adopted in maneuverability studies. However, there are two ambiguous questions on modeling: What similarities differences between conventional automatic model? How can an accurate be established? To answer these questions, this paper firstly performs bibliometric analysis berthing, discover hot issues emphasize significance modeling. It then demonstrates Furthermore, specifications modeling procedures explained terms hydrodynamic forces hull, four-quadrant propulsion performances, auxiliary devices. conclusions work provide references mathematical modeling, device utilization, aid system improvement,